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In synchronized skating, a mirror image pattern is shown when one half of the team simultaneously uses a combination of both clockwise and counter-clockwise directions.

In the air, the body rotates in the same direction as it does on the take-off edge.

Any spin position which is not one of the three defined basic spin positions (camel, sit, upright).

A jump that is not listed in the Scale of Values; does not count as a jump element.

A one-foot movement in which a skater travels along the ice with one leg in a strongly bent position and the other leg directed forward parallel to the ice.

A rotational movement on one foot in which the skater moves from forward to backward or backward to forward.

A C step in which the heel of the free foot is placed on the ice at the inner side of the skating foot, the angle between the two feet being optional. Following the weight transfer, the immediate position of the new free foot is behind the heel of the new skating foot (e.g. lead’s steps 8 and 9 and the follow’s steps 12 and 13 in the Fourteenstep).

The lead’s left hand holds the follow’s left hand, with the lead’s right hand resting over the follow’s left hip or behind the back. The follow’s right arm is extended. The hold may also be reversed.

A S step in which the free foot is placed on the ice at the inner side of the skating foot. Following the weight transfer the immediate position of the new free foot is behind the heel of the new skating foot.

A step started close beside the skating foot without crossing in front or behind. On all forward edges, the free leg is held behind before coming to the skating foot for the next step. On all backward edges the free leg is held forward before returning to the skating foot for the next step.