Terms used:
Additional Feature
Refers to technical content in synchronized skating that increases the difficulty of an element, such as step sequences, free skating moves, free skating elements and points of intersection.
Additional Features
Refers to technical content in synchronized skating that increases the difficulty of an element, such as step sequences, free skating moves, free skating elements and points of intersection.
Athlete A
Athlete A is equivalent to the “woman” in ISU regulations.
Athlete B
Athlete B is equivalent to the "man" in the ISU regulations.
Axel
An edge jump with natural rotation that takes off from a forward outside edge; listed in the Scale of Values according to the number of rotations. Unlike other single jumps which are one rotation, a single Axel has one-and-a-half rotations.
Base Level Technical Official
An individual sixteen years of age or older who is responsible for accurate technical panel process and for authorizing, correcting, deleting and adding elements to the list of elements performed during an event. The BLTO assists with the identification of elements in competition. The BLTO also assists with the identification of falls and illegal elements where appropriate to the level. The BLTO is qualified to act on a panel at or below a specified level of competition in singles only and can only be assigned to events where elements can be called no higher than base level and juvenile singles.
Base Value
The value attributed to each element based on its level of difficulty assuming no additions or reductions for grades of execution. Base values are listed in the scales of values (SOV).
Base Values
The value attributed to each element based on its level of difficulty assuming no additions or reductions for grades of execution. Base values are listed in the scales of values (SOV).
Beat
A note defining the regular recurring divisions of a piece of music.
Categories
The name for each level of competition within a discipline. Examples of categories are STAR 1, STAR 2, Pre-Juvenile, Juvenile, Pre-Novice, etc.
Category
The name for each level of competition within a discipline. Examples of categories are STAR 1, STAR 2, Pre-Juvenile, Juvenile, Pre-Novice, etc.
Choreographic Elements
In ice dance, a listed or unlisted movement or series of movement(s) as specified by the ISU Ice Dance Technical Committee.
Club
A not-for-profit organization that is operating for the general purpose of providing Skate Canada skating programs and is managed by a volunteer board of directors.
Combination Lift
A dance lift which does not exceed 12 seconds in duration. This lift combines two rotational lifts in different directions or two curve lifts on two different curves forming a serpentine pattern or two different types of short lifts.
Combination Lifts
A dance lift which does not exceed 12 seconds in duration. This lift combines two rotational lifts in different directions or two curve lifts on two different curves forming a serpentine pattern or two different types of short lifts.
Configuration
In synchronized skating, a configuration is the number of lines, spokes and circles in an element (for example Block or Wheel, etc.).
Cumulative Points Calculation
The Cumulative Points Calculation Judging System is a method for the calculation of results in the sport of figure skating. This system is based on the principle that a performance can be divided into elements (of difficulty) and program components, each of which can be evaluated individually. The total of the marks for all of the elements and components forms the score for each skater or team in a competition. The highest scoring skater or team is declared the winner. The second highest places second and so on.
Difficulty Groups Of Elements
All elements in synchronized skating are divided into groups of difficulty based on the number of features included. Lists of difficulty groups of elements are determined each or every second year and published in a Skate Canada and ISU communication.
Edge
May refer either to part of the skate blade, or the visible tracing of a skate blade on one foot that is on one curve. An edge may be either inside (towards the body) or outside (away from the body), and forward or backward, for a total for four different edges.
Edges
May refer either to part of the skate blade, or the visible tracing of a skate blade on one foot that is on one curve. An edge may be either inside (towards the body) or outside (away from the body), and forward or backward, for a total for four different edges.
Event
The name given to a group of skaters entered in a category. There may be one event per category or several events per category depending on the number of total entries. Each event is independent of the other events within the category.
Events
The name given to a group of skaters entered in a category. There may be one event per category or several events per category depending on the number of total entries. Each event is independent of the other events within the category.
Fall
Defined as a loss of control by a skater with the result that the majority of the skater's body weight is on the ice being supported by any other part of the body other than the blades. e.g. hand(s), knee(s), back, buttock(s) or any part of the arm.
Falls
Defined as a loss of control by a skater with the result that the majority of the skater's body weight is on the ice being supported by any other part of the body other than the blades. e.g. hand(s), knee(s), back, buttock(s) or any part of the arm.
Features
Technical content that increases the difficulty of an element which may become part of the difficulty group of an element. Features such as pivoting, travelling, body movements, etc. are determined annually and published in a Skate Canada and ISU Communication.
Flip
A toe jump with natural rotation that takes off from a backward inside edge; listed in the Scale of Values according to the number of revolutions.
Flip Jump
A toe jump with natural rotation that takes off from a backward inside edge; listed in the Scale of Values according to the number of revolutions.
Free Skating Program
A program of a specified length, skated to music of the skater’s choice. The skater is free to choose the number and the type of elements to be included, subject to the requirements outlined in the requirements for individual assessments and competitions.
Grade Of Execution
The mark given by a judge to evaluate the quality of an element in a program. There are 11 GOEs ranging from +5 to -5.
International Skating Union
The International Skating Union (ISU) is the exclusive international sport federation recognized by the International Olympic Committee administering the sports of Figure Skating and Speed Skating throughout the world. The ISU is composed of a number of national associations called ISU Members that administer ISU sports at the national level and recognize that all international matters are under the sole jurisdiction and control of the ISU.
Interruption
The period of time starting immediately when the competitor stops performing the program or is ordered to do so by the referee, whichever is earlier, and ending when the competitor resumes the performance.
Interruptions
The period of time starting immediately when the competitor stops performing the program or is ordered to do so by the referee, whichever is earlier, and ending when the competitor resumes the performance.
Judge
An individual sixteen years of age or older who has been trained and appointed to officiate at or below a specified level of competition in one or more of singles, pairs, ice dance or synchronized skating.
Judges
An individual sixteen years of age or older who has been trained and appointed to officiate at or below a specified level of competition in one or more of singles, pairs, ice dance or synchronized skating.
Jump Combinations
Singles and Pairs: Two or more jumps in which the landing foot of the first jump is the take-off foot of the next jump and so on. There is no change of foot or turn between the jumps, although the toe may be used to assist the take-off. One full revolution on the ice between the jumps (free foot can touch the ice, but no weight transfer) keeps the element within the definition of a jump combination.
Synchronized Skating: Any number of jumps of at least one revolution that may be linked with turns, steps or with a slight touch down.
Jump Element
An individual jump, a jump combination or a jump sequence.
Jump Elements
An individual jump, a jump combination or a jump sequence.
Jump Sequences
Singles and Pairs: Two or three jumps of any number of revolutions, in which the second and/or third jump is an axel-type jump with a direct step from the landing curve of the first/second jump to the take-off curve of the axel jump. One full revolution on the ice between the jumps (free foot can touch the ice, but no weight transfer) keeps the element within the definition of a jump sequence Synchronized Skating: Consists of any number of jumps of any number of revolutions that may be linked with small hops and dance jumps, immediately following each other while maintaining the jump rhythm (knee); there can be no crossovers or stroking between jumps during the sequence.
Level Of Difficulty
The term given to certain features of elements that increase the value of an element. There are 5 levels of difficulty ranging from Level Base to Level 4.
Levels Of Difficulty
The term given to certain features of elements that increase the value of an element. There are 5 levels of difficulty ranging from Level Base to Level 4.
Lobe
A curve that is representative of a part of a circle. In ice dance, a lobe is any sequence of steps on one side of the continuous axis that is approximately semi-circular in shape.
Loop
Turn: A one-foot movement where the skater skates an oval pattern using the same edge. The entry and exit of the loop must cross. The loop must be clean cut without scrapes or points.
Jump: An edge jump with natural rotation that takes off from a backward outside edge; listed in the Scale of Values according to the number of revolutions.
Lutz
A toe jump with counter rotation that takes off from a backward outside edge; listed in the Scale of Values according to the number of revolutions.
Pivoting
A two-footed movement in which the toe picks of one foot are inserted into the ice by a skater as a central pivoting point while the other foot travels in a circular pattern around the pivot point.
Point Of Intersection
In synchronized skating, the point of intersection is an additional feature for the intersection element and is a type of movement/rotation that the skaters execute at the axis of intersection.
Program Component
The mark given by a judge to assess the different aspects of a skater’s performance. There are three PCs: Composition, Presentation and Skating Skills. The Program Components marking range is from 0.25 to 10.0.
Program Components
The mark given by a judge to assess the different aspects of a skater’s performance. There are three PCs: Composition, Presentation and Skating Skills. The Program Components marking range is from 0.25 to 10.0.
Referee
A referee of an event within a competition is an experienced judge who has received further training to conduct an event and monitor the performance of the panel of judges. Referees are qualified to referee or judge at or below a specified level of competition in one or more of singles, pairs, ice dance or synchronized skating.
Rhythm
The regularly repeated pattern of accented and unaccented beats which gives the music its character.
Rhythm Dance
A dance created by an ice dance team to dance music with designated rhythm(s) and/or theme(s) selected annually by the ISU Ice Dance Technical Committee.
Salchow
An edge jump with natural rotation that takes off from a backward inside edge; listed in the Scale of Values according to the number of rotations.
Scale Of Values
Contains Base Values and Grades of Execution of all listed elements. The scales of values are published by the ISU and Skate Canada.
Section
An organization incorporated or organized in a particular province or territory (and in some cases, a combination thereof) strategically aligned with Skate Canada, that may receive funds from provincial or territorial Governmental Authorities and be subject to applicable sport recognition programs and transfer payment arrangements. Each Section is held to the governance and operating requirements of their respective province and / or territory(ies) and is responsible for skating in their respective jurisdictions.
Segment
The name given to a portion of an event. Some categories have two segments (e.g., short program and free program) and some categories have only one segment.
Segments
The name given to a portion of an event. Some categories have two segments (e.g., short program and free program) and some categories have only one segment.
Sequence
The set order of the prescribed steps that compose one pattern of a Pattern Dance.
Sequences
The set order of the prescribed steps that compose one pattern of a Pattern Dance.
Short Lifts
A dance lift which does not exceed seven seconds in duration.
Solo Dance
The term used when a skater skates the full pattern of a dance alone.
Spins
An element where the skater rapidly revolves, centred on a single point on the ice, while holding one or more body positions. In singles and pairs, a spin must have at least three revolutions to be considered a spin. The minimum number of revolutions in a position is two without interruption.
Spirals
A gliding position executed on one foot with free leg extended (including knee and foot) above hip level.
Step
The visible tracing on the ice that is executed on one foot. A step is counted each time there is a change of foot.
Steps
The visible tracing on the ice that is executed on one foot. A step is counted each time there is a change of foot.
Strong Beat
The first beat of the measure or group of two measures supporting the skating count of the rhythm.
Style
Characteristics of levels of step sequences in ice dance.
Technical Controller
An individual sixteen years of age or older who is responsible for accurate technical panel process and authorizes, corrects, deletes and adds elements to the list of elements performed during an event. Technical controllers are qualified to act on panels at or below a specified level of competition in one or more of singles, pairs, ice dance or synchronized skating.
Technical Specialists
An individual sixteen years of age or older who identifies elements and levels of difficulty of elements in competition. The technical specialist also identifies falls and illegal elements. Technical specialists are qualified to act on panels at or below a specified level of competition in one or more of singles, pairs, ice dance or synchronized skating.
Tempo
The speed of the music in beats or measures per minute.
Toe Loop
A toe jump with natural rotation that takes off from a backward outside edge; listed in the Scale of Values according to the number of rotations.
Total Element Score
The sum of the judging panel’s scores for all sections/elements.
Transition
A term used to describe sections of the program that occur within elements, during entrances and exits of elements and as connecting elements and executed in-between the required/optional elements.
Turns
A rotational movement in which the skater moves from forward to backward or backward to forward using one foot and on an edge and axis (e.g. Three-turn, Bracket). In a two-foot turn the rotational movement from forward to backward or backward to forward is from one foot to the other foot (e.g. C step, S step).
Twist
A hand-to-waist lift in which a skater is lifted into the air on the take-off. At the top of the lift the lifted partner is released and completes a twist, rotating freely in the air, during which time the lifting partner turns a half turn to catch the lifted partner at the waist for an assisted landing. The twist lift is named after the basic solo jump take-off - Axel, Toe Loop, Flip or Lutz – and by the number of rotations the lifted partner completes in the air before being caught.
Twist Lifts
A hand-to-waist lift in which a skater is lifted into the air on the take-off. At the top of the lift the lifted partner is released and completes a twist, rotating freely in the air, during which time the lifting partner turns a half turn to catch the lifted partner at the waist for an assisted landing. The twist lift is named after the basic solo jump take-off - Axel, Toe Loop, Flip or Lutz – and by the number of rotations the lifted partner completes in the air before being caught.
Twizzles
A traveling turn on one foot with one or more rotations which is quickly rotated with a continuous, uninterrupted action. The weight remains on the skating foot with the free foot in any position during the turn then placed beside the skating foot to skate the next step.
- 1. Cumulative Points Calculation (CPC) Judging System
- 1.1. Basic Principles of Calculation
- 1.2. Specific Element Evaluation
- 1.3. Bonuses
- 1.4. Program Components
- 1.5. Deductions
- 1.6. Determination of Results in Each Segment of a Competition
- 1.7. Determination of Combined and Final Result
- 1.8. Publication of Results
- 1.9. Marking of Short Program/Rhythm Dance, Free Skating/Free Dance
- 1.10. Marking of Pattern Dances
- 2. Assess to Standard
- 3. Standard with Ranking
- 4. Authorized Systems
- 1. Cumulative Points Calculation (CPC) Judging System
1. Cumulative Points Calculation (CPC) Judging System
This is a method for the calculation of results in the sport of figure skating and applies to all Categories identified as using this method. This system is based on the principle that a performance can be divided into elements (of difficulty) and Program Components, each of which can be evaluated individually. The total of the marks for all of the elements and components forms the score for each skater or team in a competition. The highest scoring skater, or team is declared the winner, the second highest places second, and so on.
The Total Element Score is the sum of the scores for all of the elements performed in a program with additions or reductions of points taken for the quality of execution. Elements are identified and their Level Of Difficulty assessed by a technical panel composed of a Technical Controller, and two Technical Specialists working as a team. At Club, Invitational or Interclub Competitions, a Base Level Technical Official may assist in the identification of elements. Identified technical elements receive a Base Value and then each Judge assigns a Grade Of Execution (GOE) in the range from -5 to +5. A zero GOE score reflects an element performed to its normal Base Value. The Base Values of all elements, plus or minus the respective GOE score are added to form the Total Element Score, for each skater or team.
Bonus points are awarded for elements considered beyond the normal difficulty level of a specific Category. Specifics of these bonuses are listed under the heading Determination and Publication of Results within this rule.
Program Components are marked by each Judge on the panel for an Event. The three Program Components are:
- Composition/Timing
- Presentation
- Skating Skills
Each of these components is marked by each Judge, on a 10-point scale using 0.25-point increments between 0.25 and 10.0. Program Component scores are factored by a specific value depending upon the Category and program being skated.
The total score for a skater/team in the respective Segment is calculated by adding the GOE scores, the component scores, and any bonuses, and subtracting any program deductions. For competitions with more than one Segment, the highest total score of all Segments shall determine the winner.
1.1. Basic Principles of Calculation
- Every section/Sequence of a pattern dance and every element (i.e. required element of the short program/Rhythm Dance/free dance and artistic program, or element of the well-balanced Free Skating Program) has a specific Base Value indicated in the Scale of Value (SOV) table.
- For synchronized skating: The Base Value for the levels of elements is determined by combining the Difficulty Groups of Elements and the difficulty groups of Additional Features. Each synchronized skating element/Configuration belongs to a difficulty group of elements, which may contain Features that are specific for the respective element and increase the difficulty of an element.
- Each Judge identifies one or two GOE for each Sequence/section/element. Each GOE has its own positive or negative numerical value as indicated in the SOV table.
- The panel’s GOE is determined by calculating the trimmed mean of the numerical values of the GOE awarded by the Judges.
- The trimmed mean is calculated by deleting the highest and the lowest values of all scoring Judges and calculating the average of the remaining values. If there are fewer than five scores entered by Judges for an element or component, all entered values will be used to calculate the mean.
- This average will become the final GOE for an individual section/Sequence/element. The panel’s GOE is rounded to two decimal places.
- The panel’s score for each section/Sequence/element is determined by adding the trimmed mean GOE to its Base Value.
- The panel’s scores for all sections/Sequences/elements are added together thus giving the Total Elements Score.
1.2. Specific Element Evaluation
Single and Pair Skating
Jump Combinations and Jump Sequences are evaluated as one unit by adding the Base Values of the jumps included and applying the GOE of the jump with the higher Base Value.
If both executions of a jump are as solo jumps, the second of these solo jumps will have the Base Value multiplied by 0.7 with the exception of single and double jumps in Junior and Senior singles.
Any additional element or elements exceeding the prescribed numbers will not be counted in the result of a competitor/team. Only the first attempt (or allowed number of attempts) of an element will be considered.
In Junior and Senior single skating the Base Values (but not the GOEs) for the last one Jump Element executed in the second half of the short program, and the last three Jump Elements executed in the second half of the Free Skating Program will be multiplied by a factor of 1.1 to give credit for even distribution of difficulties in the program. Each factored Base Value for these Jump Elements performed in the second half of the program will be rounded to two decimal places. The second half commences in the middle of the required time without considering plus or minus a 10 second allowance. However, in cases of up to three minutes Interruption, (see Competitions > Interruptions) the factor 1.1 will be used only for Jump Elements which were started in the second half of the program but prior to the Interruption.
Ice Dance
Combination Lifts and Combination Edge Elements are evaluated as one unit by adding the Base Values of the two first executed types of Short Lifts or Short Edge Elements and applying the GOE. The GOE of the Combination Lift or Combination Edge Element is equal to the sum of the numerical values of the corresponding GOE of these two first executed types of Short Lifts or Short Edge Elements.
In partnered Ice Dance, step sequences, Turns Sequences, Sequential Twizzles, and Synchronized Twizzles are evaluated as one unit by adding the Base Values of the elements of Athlete A and Athlete B and then applying the GOE. The GOE is equal to the sum of the numerical values of the corresponding GOEs of the elements.
Artistic Skating (Adult)
There are no required elements in artistic skating (adult) and therefore no technical mark is assigned.
Any technical elements performed will not be identified or scored but may be considered in the Composition score.
The three Program Components determine the score for adult artistic events, minus any deductions for violations.
Artistic Skating
All elements requiring a Level Of Difficulty shall be identified no higher than Level Base. Elements not meeting basic requirements will receive a Level 0 and therefore will have no value.
Showcase (Individual, Group and Production)
There are no required elements in Showcase and therefore no technical mark is assigned.
Any technical elements performed will not be identified or scored but may be considered in the Composition score.
The three Program Components (Composition, Presentation, and Skating Skills) determine the score for Showcase events, minus any deductions for violations.
Creative Improv
There are no required elements in Creative Improv and therefore no technical mark is assigned.
Any technical elements performed will not be identified or scored but may be considered in the Composition score.
The three Program Components (Composition, Presentation, and Skating Skills) determine the score for Creative Improv events, minus any deductions for violations.
Synchronized Skating
Each element (e.g. block, circle, intersection, wheel, etc.) will be evaluated separately and given a GOE.
1.3. Bonuses
Bonuses are applied as follows:
General
- all jumps and throws must be eligible for their full base value to receive a bonus (i.e. not <, << or e), with the one exception* noted below
- for all bonuses, in the case of a Fall, the attempt is considered as successful
- unless specifically noted, bonuses apply to both short and free programs
- to be eligible for bonus, jumps must be compliant with all other well-balanced and repeat requirements
Juvenile Singles
- +1.0 for each double Axel or higher Base Value jump
Pre-Novice Singles
- +1.0 for one double Axel per program
- +1.0 for each triple jump
- +1.0 for any double jump or higher base value jump immediately followed by:
- a triple jump* or
- An 1Eu/1Eu<< immediately followed by a triple jump
*awarded once per program for each different triple jump
Novice Singles
- women: +1.0 for each different triple jump
- men: +1.0 for each different triple jump – triple Loop and higher Base Value
- +2.0 for four or more different triple jumps in free program
- 1.0 for any double jump or higher base value jump immediately followed by:
- a triple jump* or
- An 1Eu/1Eu<< immediately followed by a triple jump
*awarded once per program for each different triple jump
Junior Singles
- women: + 1.0 for triple Flip Jump performed as solo jump in short program
- men: + 1.0 for each triple Axel or higher Base Value jump in short and free programs
- women: +1.0 for any triple jump or higher base value jump immediately followed by:
- a triple jump* or
- An 1Eu/1Eu<< immediately followed by a triple jump
*awarded once per program for each different triple jump
Pre-Novice Pairs
- + 1.0 for each solo jump identified as a double Axel
Novice Pairs
- + 1.0 for each throw and solo jump identified as a triple
1.4. Program Components
- Each Judge also marks the Program Components on a scale from 0.25 to 10 with 0.25 points increments.
- The panel’s points for each Program Component are obtained by calculating the trimmed mean of the scoring Judges’ results for that Program Component. The trimmed mean is calculated in the manner described under Basic Principles of Calculation within this rule.
- The trimmed mean of each Program Component is rounded to two decimal places.
- The panel’s points for each Program Component are then multiplied by a factor as noted in the tables below.
- The factored results are rounded to two decimal places and added. The sum is the Program Component score.
Single and Pair Skating
Short Program
|
Event |
Composition |
Presentation |
Skating Skills |
|
STAR 7 |
0.00 |
1.32 |
1.98 |
|
Pre-Novice Women/Men STAR 9 |
0.70 |
0.85 |
1.90 |
|
Pre-Novice Pairs |
0.72 |
0.90 |
1.98 |
|
Novice Women/Men |
1.00 |
1.40 |
1.59 |
|
Novice Pairs |
0.96 |
1.35 |
1.54 |
|
Junior/Senior Women/Pairs |
1.33 |
1.33 |
1.33 |
|
Junior/Senior Men |
1.67 |
1.67 |
1.67 |
Free Skate
|
Event |
Composition |
Presentation |
Skating Skills |
|
STAR 5 |
0.00 |
1.61 |
2.42 |
|
Pre-Juvenile, Juvenile, STAR 6, STAR 8, STAR Pairs |
0.00 |
1.84 |
2.76 |
|
STAR 10 & Gold |
1.20 |
1.50 |
3.30 |
|
Pre-Novice Women/Men |
1.40 |
1.70 |
3.80 |
|
Pre-Novice Pairs |
1.44 |
1.80 |
3.96 |
|
Novice Women/Men |
2.00 |
2.80 |
3.20 |
|
Novice Pairs |
1.92 |
2.70 |
3.08 |
|
Junior/Senior Women/Pairs |
2.67 |
2.67 |
2.67 |
|
Junior/Senior Men |
3.33 |
3.33 |
3.33 |
|
Adult – Intro Open, Bronze & Silver Adult Pairs |
2.00 |
2.00 |
2.00 |
|
Adult – Gold, Masters & Masters Elite Adult Pairs Masters |
2.67 |
2.67 |
2.67 |
Ice Dance
Pattern Dance
|
Event |
Timing |
Presentation |
Skating Skills |
|
Pre-Juvenile, Juvenile, STAR |
0.70 |
0.70 |
2.10 |
|
Pre-Novice |
1.05 |
1.05 |
1.40 |
|
Novice |
1.23 |
1.05 |
1.23 |
|
Novice Solo Dance |
0.93 |
0.93 |
0.93 |
|
Adult |
1.17 |
1.17 |
1.17 |
Rhythm Dance
|
Event |
Composition |
Presentation |
Skating Skills |
|
Junior, Senior, STAR Solo, Adult |
1.33 |
1.33 |
1.33 |
Free Dance
|
Event |
Composition |
Presentation |
Skating Skills |
|
Juvenile |
1.02 |
1.02 |
3.06 |
|
Pre-Novice |
1.08 |
1.39 |
2.97 |
|
Novice |
1.50 |
2.10 |
2.40 |
|
Novice Solo Dance |
1.33 |
1.33 |
1.33 |
|
Junior, Senior |
2.00 |
2.00 |
2.00 |
|
Adult |
2.00 |
2.00 |
2.00 |
Artistic Skating (Adult)
|
Event |
Composition |
Presentation |
Skating Skills |
|
Adult |
1.67 |
1.67 |
1.67 |
Artistic Skating
|
Event |
Composition |
Presentation |
Skating Skills |
|
STAR 5 |
1.33 |
1.33 |
1.33 |
|
STAR 7 |
1.92 |
1.92 |
1.92 |
|
STAR 9 |
2.75 |
2.75 |
2.75 |
|
Gold |
3.33 |
3.33 |
3.33 |
Showcase (Individual, Group and Production)
|
Event |
Composition |
Presentation |
Skating Skills |
|
Showcase 3 and 4 |
4.33 |
4.33 |
4.33 |
Creative Improv
|
Event |
Composition |
Presentation |
Skating Skills |
|
Creative Improv 3 and 4 |
4.33 |
4.33 |
4.33 |
Synchronized Skating
Short Program
|
Event |
Composition |
Presentation |
Skating Skills |
|
Junior, Senior |
1.33 |
1.33 |
1.33 |
Free Skate
|
Event |
Composition |
Presentation |
Skating Skills |
|
STAR 6, STAR 8 |
0.00 |
1.60 |
2.40 |
|
Novice |
2.10 |
2.10 |
2.80 |
|
Gold |
2.25 |
2.25 |
3.00 |
|
Open, Junior, Senior |
2.67 |
2.67 |
2.67 |
|
Adult I, Adult II |
2.10 |
2.10 |
2.80 |
|
Adult III |
1.20 |
1.20 |
1.60 |
1.5. Deductions
Deductions are applied for certain violations of the rules (e.g., clothing, time violations, Interruptions, etc.) as follows:
Singles, Pairs, Ice Dance, Artistic, Showcase and Creative Improv
Program Time Violation
- up to every five seconds lacking or in excess
- up to every five seconds in excess of permitted time after the last prescribed Step in the Pattern Dance to the ending movement/pose
- deduction applied by the Referee
| Level | Deduction |
| Pre-Juvenile, Juvenile, STAR 5-8 (including STAR 4/5 and 8/9 categories), STAR Solo Rhythm Dance, STAR Pairs, Showcase | 0.20 |
| Pre-Novice, Novice, STAR 9-Gold, Adult, Artistic | 0.50 |
| Junior, Senior | 1.00 |
Part of the Costume/Decoration Falls on the Ice
- per program
- deduction applied by the Referee
| Level | Deduction |
| Pre-Juvenile, Juvenile, STAR 5-8 (including STAR 4/5 and 8/9 categories), STAR Solo Rhythm Dance, STAR Pairs, Showcase, Creative Improv | 0.20 |
| Pre-Novice, Novice, STAR 9-Gold, Adult, Artistic | 0.50 |
| Junior, Senior | 1.00 |
Late Start
- deduction applied by the Referee
| Level | Deduction (1-30 seconds late) | Deduction (31 or more seconds late) |
| Pre-Juvenile, Juvenile, STAR 5-8 (including STAR 4/5 and 8/9 categories), STAR Solo Rhythm Dance, STAR Pairs, Showcase, Creative Improv | 0.20 | withdrawn |
| Pre-Novice, Novice, STAR 9-Gold, Adult, Artistic | 0.50 | withdrawn |
| Junior, Senior | 1.00 | withdrawn |
Interruption up to 40 seconds
- deduction applied by the Referee
| Level | Deduction (11-20 seconds) | Deduction (21-30 seconds) | Deduction (31-40 seconds) |
| Pre-Juvenile, Juvenile | 0.20 | 0.40 | 0.60 |
| Pre-Novice, Novice, STAR, Adult, Artistic | 0.50 | 1.00 | 1.50 |
| Junior, Senior | 1.00 | 2.00 | 3.00 |
Interruption - Three-minute Allowance
- prior to the beginning of the program or during the program
- per program
- deduction applied by the Referee
| Level | Deduction |
| Pre-Juvenile, Juvenile, STAR 5-8, STAR Pairs, Showcase, Creative Improv | 1.00 |
| Pre-Novice, Novice, STAR 9-Gold, STAR Solo Rhythm Dance, Adult, Artistic | 2.50 |
| Junior, Senior | 5.00 |
Costume and Prop Violation
- per program
- deduction applied by the majority of Judges plus the Referee
| Level | Deduction |
| Pre-Juvenile, Juvenile, STAR 5-8 (including STAR 4/5 and 8/9 categories), STAR Solo Rhythm Dance, STAR Pairs, Showcase, Creative Improv | 0.20 |
| Pre-Novice, Novice, STAR 9-Gold, Adult | 0.50 |
| Junior, Senior | 1.00 |
| Artistic | 1.50 |
Illegal Element
- per violation
- deduction applied by the technical panel (with the exception of Artistic, Showcase and Creative Improv, which is applied by the Referee)
| Level | Deduction |
| Pre-Juvenile, Juvenile, STAR 5-8, STAR Solo Rhythm Dance, STAR Pairs, Showcase, Creative Improv | 0.40 |
| Pre-Novice, Novice, STAR 9-Gold, Adult, Artistic | 1.00 |
| Junior, Senior | 2.00 |
Falls
- applied per Fall
- applied per skater in Ice Dance and Pairs
- deduction applied by the technical panel (with the exception of Artistic, Showcase and Creative Improv, which is applied by the Referee)
| Level | Deduction (1st and 2nd Fall) | Deduction (3rd and 4th Fall) | Deduction (five or more Falls) |
| Pre-Juvenile, Juvenile, STAR 5-8 (including STAR 4/5 and 8/9 categories), STAR Solo Rhythm Dance, STAR Pairs, Showcase, Creative Improv | 0.20 | 0.20 | 0.20 |
| Pre-Novice, Novice, STAR 9-Gold, Adult, Artistic | 0.50 | 0.50 | 0.50 |
| Junior Singles, Junior/Senior Pairs/Ice Dance | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| Senior Singles | 1.00 | 2.00 | 3.00 |
Violation of Tempo Specifications (Ice Dance Only)
- per program
- deduction applied by the Referee
| Level | Deduction |
| Pre-Novice, Novice | 0.50 |
| Junior, Senior, STAR Solo Rhythm Dance, Adult | 1.00 |
Lifts or Edge Elements Exceeding Permitted Duration (Ice Dance Only)
- per lift or edge element
- deduction applied by the Referee
| Level | Deduction |
| Juvenile | 0.20 |
| Pre-Novice, Novice, Adult, STAR Solo Rhythm Dance | 0.50 |
| Junior, Senior | 1.00 |
Choreography Restrictions (Ice Dance Only)
- per program
- deduction applied by the majority of Judges plus the Referee
| Level | Deduction |
| Juvenile | 0.20 |
| Pre-Novice, Novice, STAR Solo Rhythm Dance, Adult | 0.50 |
| Junior, Senior | 1.00 |
Music Requirements (Ice Dance Only)
- per program
- deduction applied by the majority of Judges plus the Referee
| Level | Deduction |
| Juvenile | 0.40 |
| Pre-Novice, Novice, STAR Solo Rhythm Dance, Adult | 1.00 |
| Junior, Senior | 2.00 |
Extra Elements (Ice Dance Only)
- per violation
- deduction applied by the technical panel
| Level | Deduction |
| Juvenile | 0.20 |
| Pre-Novice, Novice, STAR Solo Rhythm Dance, Adult | 0.50 |
| Junior, Senior | 1.00 |
Synchronized Skating
Program Time Violation
- up to every five seconds lacking or in excess (free skating)
- up to every five seconds in excess (short program)
- deduction applied by the Referee
| Level | Deduction |
| Adult III | 0.20 |
| STAR 6, STAR 8, Adult II | 0.50 |
| Novice, Adult I | 1.00 |
| Gold, Open, Junior, Senior | 1.00 |
Costume Failure
- per program
- deduction applied by the Referee
| Level | Deduction |
| Adult III | 0.20 |
| STAR 6, STAR 8, Adult II | 0.50 |
| Novice, Adult I | 1.00 |
| Gold, Open, Junior, Senior | 1.00 |
Late Start
- deduction applied by the Referee
| Level | Deduction (1-30 seconds late) | Deduction (31 or more seconds late) |
| Adult III | 0.20 | Withdrawn |
| STAR 6, STAR 8, Adult II | 0.50 | Withdrawn |
| Novice, Adult I | 1.00 | Withdrawn |
| Gold, Open, Junior, Senior | 1.00 | Withdrawn |
Interruption up to 40 seconds
- deduction applied by the Referee
| Level | Deduction (11-20 seconds) | Deduction (21-30 seconds) | Deduction (31-40 seconds) |
| Adult III | 0.25 | 0.50 | 0.75 |
| STAR 6, STAR 8, Adult II | 0.50 | 1.00 | 1.50 |
| Novice, Adult I | 0.50 |
1.00 |
1.50 |
| Gold, Open, Junior, Senior | 1.00 | 2.00 | 3.00 |
Interruption - Three-minute Allowance
- prior to the beginning of the program or during the program
- per program
- deduction applied by the Referee
| Level | Deduction |
| Adult III | 1.25 |
| STAR 6, STAR 8, Adult II | 2.50 |
| Novice, Adult I | 2.50 |
| Gold, Open, Junior, Senior | 5.00 |
Costume and Prop Violation
- per program
- deduction applied by the majority of Judges plus the Referee
| Level | Deduction |
| Adult III | 0.20 |
| STAR 6, STAR 8, Adult II | 0.50 |
| Novice, Adult I | 1.00 |
| Gold, Open, Junior, Senior | 1.00 |
Falls
- each time
- deduction applied by the technical panel
| Level | Deduction (each Fall) |
| Adult III | 0.25 |
| STAR 6, STAR 8, Adult II | 0.50 |
| Novice, Adult I | 0.50 |
| Gold, Open, Junior, Senior | 1.00 |
Illegal Elements/Features/Additional Features/Movements
- per violation
- deduction applied by the technical panel
| Level | Deduction |
| Adult III | 0.50 |
| STAR 6, STAR 8, Adult II | 1.00 |
| Novice, Adult I | 2.00 |
| Gold, Open, Junior, Senior | 2.00 |
Un-prescribed or Additional Element/Repeated Element
- per violation
- deduction applied by the technical panel
| Level | Deduction |
| Junior, Senior | 1.50 |
Wrong Element Shape
- deduction applied by the technical panel
| Level | Deduction |
| Junior, Senior | No value |
1.6. Determination of Results in Each Segment of a Competition
The total Segment score of each competitor in each Segment of a competition (short program/Rhythm Dance, free skate/free dance or pattern dance(s)) is calculated by adding the Total Element Score and the Program Component scores (multiplied by corresponding factors), adding any bonuses, and subtracting any deductions for violations described in Deductions within this rule.
The total score of a pattern dance will be multiplied by a factor of 0.5. The total score of a pattern dance in Novice Solo Dance will be multiplied by a factor of 1.0.
The competitor(s) with the highest total Segment score is placed first; the competitor(s) with the next highest total Segment score is placed second and so on.
If two or more competitor(s) have the same result, the Total Element Score will break the tie in the short program/Rhythm Dance and the pattern dance(s). The Program Component score will break the tie in the free skate/free dance. If these results are also equal, the competitor(s) concerned will be considered as tied.
For synchronized skating Events with a first and second skate, the team performs the same free skate program two times. The first free skate program will be multiplied by a factor of 1.0. The second skate free program will be multiplied by a factor of 1.0.
For any Segment where a Segment factor is applied, the factored Segment scores are rounded to two decimal places.
1.7. Determination of Combined and Final Result
The total Segment scores of the short program/Rhythm Dance or pattern dance(s), and free skate/free dance are added and the result constitutes the final score of a competitor(s) in an Event. The competitor(s) with the highest final score is first, second, third, etc.
In cases of ties after the final score the competitor(s) with the highest score for the last skated Segment is placed first, second, third, etc. If there is a tie in the highest score, the better placement will decide the better place. In ice dancing, if two pattern dances are to be skated, both dances are even in value. There is no tie-breaking criterion for the second dance.
If there is a tie in this Segment, the placement of the previous skated Segment will count for the better place, etc. If there is no previous Segment, the competitor(s) are tied.
1.8. Publication of Results
The official placing in each Segment of each competition or championship must be published as soon as possible after that Segment has been completed by all competitor(s). The Referee and Technical Controller must authorize the release of the results and any subsequent revisions to the results. See Protest Procedure.
Following each Segment the Total Element Score, the Program Component score, the deductions, the bonuses, and the total Segment score of every competitor(s) must be published.
Following each Segment, “Judges details by official for each competitor(s)” which indicates the Base Values of all the elements and the GOE and points for the Program Components will be published. The Judges’ scores shall be listed by order of seating.
The final result must be published as soon as possible after the conclusion of the Event. This must include for each competitor(s):
- the final place
- separately, the placing in each Segment of the competition
On conclusion of the Event the total points (final score) of each competitor(s) must be published.
1.9. Marking of Short Program/Rhythm Dance, Free Skating/Free Dance
Element Score
Scale Of Values/Base Value
The Scale of Values chart of the elements is published by Skate Canada and/or the ISU. This Scale Of Values (SOV) contains Base Values of all the elements and the numeric values of the GOE.
The technical panel will determine the name and, when required, the Level Of Difficulty of every element. Base Values of elements are measured in points and increase with increasing Level Of Difficulty. The element difficulty depends on the following:
- Single and Pair Skating
- in jumps (singles/pairs) and Throw Jumps (pairs), on the names of the jumps or the Throw Jumps listed in order of their difficulty (Toe Loop, Salchow, loop, Flip, Lutz, Axel) and the number of revolutions
- in lifts (pairs), on the groups of the lifts (one to five), their names and their Levels Of Difficulty
- in Twist Lifts (pairs), on the number of revolutions and Levels Of Difficulty
- in Death Spirals (pairs), on the names and Levels Of Difficulty
- in other elements, on their names and Levels Of Difficulty
- Ice Dance
- on their Levels Of Difficulty
- Synchronized Skating
- on their Levels Of Difficulty
Levels Of Difficulty of Elements
The description of characteristics (Features) that give an element a certain Level Of Difficulty is published by Skate Canada and/or the ISU.
Single and Pair Skating
Lifts, Twist Lifts and Death Spirals (pairs), Spins and step sequences (singles and pairs) are divided depending on their difficulty in five Levels Of Difficulty according to the number of Features achieved:
- Level Base – no Features
- Level 1 – one feature
- Level 2 – two Features
- Level 3 – three Features
- Level 4 – four or more Features
Ice Dance
All required elements except choreographic elements are divided into five Levels Of Difficulty according to the number of Features achieved. Choreographic elements are confirmed if the minimum requirements defining the element are met.
Synchronized Skating
Required/optional elements are divided into groups depending on their difficulty, except elements designated with a fixed Base Value in the list of elements announced annually. A detailed description of levels for domestic categories is published annually in the respective Competition Program Requirements.
In synchronized skating, the Additional Features (step sequences, Point Of Intersection) and features are divided into the groups according to their difficulty.
The following Additional Features can be included in the difficulty levels for the following elements in short program and free skating and called by the Technical Specialists:
| Elements | Additional Features |
| Intersection | Point Of Intersection |
| No hold element | Step sequence |
Examples of some Features are body movement, pivoting, travelling, etc.
Grade Of Execution (GOE)
Each Judge will mark the quality of execution of every element depending on the positive or negative Features of the execution and errors on an eleven GOE scale: +5, +4, +3, +2, +1, Level Base (0), -1, -2, -3, -4, -5.
Jump Combinations and Jump Sequences (singles and pairs) and Combination Lifts, step sequences, turns sequences (ice dance) are evaluated as "one unit".
The guidelines for marking GOEs for all disciplines are published in ISU Communications.
Bonus
Bonuses are applied for the execution of certain elements. See Determination and Publication of Results within this rule for a list of bonuses that may be applied.
Illegal Elements/Movements/Pose
Singles, Pairs, and Ice Dance
Every illegal element/movement/pose performed in the program will be penalized by a deduction. See Deductions within this rule. If an illegal element/movement/pose is performed during the execution of any element, the deduction for an illegal element/movement/pose will apply and the element will be called:
- Single and Pair Skating: Level Base if the requirements for at least Level Base are fulfilled
- Ice Dance: A Level per the requirements performed or ignored if the minimum requirements for Level Base are not fulfilled.
Illegal elements/movements in singles and pairs
- somersault-type jumps (STAR, Adult, Pre-Juvenile, Pre-Novice, and Novice)
- lifts with wrong holds
Illegal elements/movements/pose in ice dance
The following movements and/or poses are illegal in Rhythm Dance, Free Dance, and in the Pattern Dances including the introductory and concluding steps (unless otherwise stated in an ISU Communication):
- jumps of more than one revolution except Jump Entry and/or Jump Exit
- lying on the ice
- the following movements/poses are illegal although will be permitted if it is not established and sustained or if it is used only to change pose:
- sitting on the partner’s head
- standing on the partner’s shoulder
- lifting partner swinging the lifted partner around by holding the skate(s)/boot(s) or leg(s) only with fully extended arm(s)
- lifting partner swinging the lifted partner around without the assistance of hand(s)/arm(s) and the lifted partner holding only with feet around the lifting partner's neck
- point of contact of the lifting hand(s)/arm(s) of the lifting partner with any part of the body of the lifted partner is sustained with the fully extended arm(s) higher than the lifting partner(s) head (the supporting arm may be sustained and fully extended above the head).
Synchronized Skating
Every illegal element/feature/Additional Feature/movement performed in the program will be penalized by a deduction.
If an illegal movement is performed during the execution of any element or connecting element, the element/feature/Additional Feature/movement will be called as follows:
- element is called “No Value” and a deduction is applied, if illegal movement is the element
- element is called + feature is not counted and a deduction is applied, if the illegal movement is included in the feature
- element is called + Additional Feature is not counted and a deduction is applied, if the illegal movement is included in the Additional Feature
- deduction is called if the illegal movement is included during a Connection
Illegal elements/features/additional features/movements in synchronized skating are published annually in the technical requirements guides.
Choreographic Restrictions
Ice Dance
Violations of choreographic restrictions are subject to a deduction by the Judges and the Referee. In the Rhythm Dance, these pertain to pattern, separations, stops and touching the ice with the hands. Unless otherwise announced by the ISU.
In the Free Dance, they pertain to separations, stops and touching the ice with the hands.
Program Component Score
Definition of Program Components
The performance of the competitor(s) is evaluated against three Program Components: composition, presentation and skating skills. For pair skating, ice dance and synchronized skating there must be equal demonstration of the criteria by both/all competitors.
Composition
The intentional, developed and / or original arrangement of the repertoire of all types of movements into a meaningful whole according to the principles of proportion, unity, space, pattern and musical structure. In evaluating the composition, the following must be considered:
- multidimensional movements and use of space
- connections between and within elements
- choreography reflecting musical phrase and form
- pattern and ice coverage
- unity
Presentation
The demonstration of engagement, commitment, and involvement based on an understanding of the music and composition.
In evaluating the presentation, the following must be considered:
- expressiveness and projection
- variety and contrast of energy and of movements
- musical sensitivity and timing
- oneness, and awareness of space (pair skating, ice dance, synchronized skating)
Skating Skills
The ability of the skater to execute the skating repertoire of steps, turns, and skating movements, with blade and body control.
In evaluating the skating skills, the following must be considered:
- Variety of edges, steps, turns, movements, and directions
- Clarity of edges, steps, turns, movements, and body control
- Balance and glide
- Flow
- Power and speed
- Unison (pair skating, ice dance, synchronized skating)
Marking of Program Components
Each Judge marks the Program Components on a scale from 0.25 to 10 with increments of 0.25. Points given by the Judges correspond to the following degrees of the Program Components:
| less than 1 | extremely poor |
| 1 - 1.75 | very poor |
| 2 - 2.75 | poor |
| 3 - 3.75 | weak |
| 4 - 4.75 | below average |
| 5 - 5.75 | average |
| 6 - 6.75 | above average |
| 7 - 7.75 | good |
| 8 - 8.75 | very good |
| 9 - 9.75 | excellent |
| 10 | outstanding |
Increments are used for evaluation of performances containing some Features of one degree and some of the next degree.
Further details for marking Program Components for all disciplines are published in ISU Communications.
Deductions
Deductions are applied for certain violations of the rules. See Determination and Publication of Results within this rule.
1.10. Marking of Pattern Dances
Element Score
Sections/Sequences of Pattern Dances
The pattern of each pattern dance may be divided into a certain number of sections published and updated in Skate Canada and ISU Communications. The number of sections in a particular dance depends on its length (number of Steps) and number of Sequences in the dance.
Scale Of Values/Base Value
The Scale Of Values of the pattern dances will be updated and published in Skate Canada and ISU Communications.
This Scale Of Values (SOV) contains Base Values of all the sections/Sequences of each pattern dance and adjustments for the correctness and quality of their execution; the Base Values are measured in points, and increase with each additional section/Sequence of the pattern dance.
For pattern dances with key points, Technical Specialists will determine the level of every section/Sequence in the pattern dance according to the levels as published in the Communications. Pattern dances without key points are assessed as Level Base (50 % of the section/Sequence performed by both partners) or Level 1 (at least 75% of the section/Sequence performed by both partners).
Grade Of Execution (GOE)
Every Judge will mark the quality of execution of every section/Sequence of the pattern dance and quality of Edges and quality of execution of Steps, Turns and movements of this section/Sequence depending on the positive Features of the execution and errors using the eleven GOE scale: +5. +4. +3, +2, +1, Base Value, -1, -2, -3, -4, -5. Each + or - grade has its own + or - numerical value indicated in the SOV table. This value is added to the Base Value of the section/Sequence or deducted from it. The guidelines for marking are published and updated in Skate Canada and ISU Communications.
Program Component Score
Definition of Program Components
In addition to the technical score each of the Judges will evaluate the whole performance in the pattern dance by three components (timing, presentation, skating skills,). For teams executing pattern dances there must be equal demonstration of the criteria by both skaters.
Timing
The ability of the skater to skate strictly in time with the music.
In evaluating the timing, the following must be considered:
- Musical sensitivity
- Skating in time with the music
- Skating on the strong beat
- Start of the first step on beat 1
Presentation
Through the involvement of the skaters, the display of the correct rhythm or style as required by the description of the dance or by the specific style of the dance.
In evaluating the presentation, the following must be considered:
- Expressiveness and projection
- Awareness of space
Skating Skills
The ability of the skater to precisely execute dance steps and movements in accordance with the dance description with power, balance, depth of edges, easy transition from one foot or lobe to the other, glide, and flow.
In evaluating the skating skills, the following must be considered:
- Clarity of edges, steps, turns, and movements
- Overall skating quality
- Balance and glide
- Flow
- Power and speed
- Ice Coverage
- Unison
Marking of Program Components
Each Judge marks the Program Components after the completion of the dance on a scale from 0.25 to 10 with increments of 0.25. Points given by the Judges correspond to the following degrees of the components:
| less than 1 | extremely poor |
| 1 - 1.75 | very poor |
| 2 - 2.75 | poor |
| 3 - 3.75 | weak |
| 4 - 4.75 | below average |
| 5 - 5.75 | average |
| 6 - 6.75 | above average |
| 7 - 7.75 | good |
| 8 - 8.75 | very good |
| 9 - 9.75 | excellent |
| 10 | outstanding |
Increments are used for evaluation of performances containing some Features of one degree and some of the next degree. Guidelines for judging are published and updated in Skate Canada and ISU Communications.
2. Assess to Standard
This method of calculation of results applies to all categories identified as using this method. This system is based on the principle that a performance can be divided into elements and Program Components, as applicable, each of which can be assessed individually. Based on the number of elements and Components that achieve a certain level of assessment, an overall assessment will be determined. No ranking of participants will take place for categories using the Assess to Standard calculation method.
Detail on assessment standards, and overall assessment requirements are contained in STAR Competition Standards for Assessment Guide.
Skaters will receive a report card indicating the rating of each element and program component as well as the overall rating achieved.
3. Standard with Ranking
This method of calculation of results applies to all categories identified as using this method. This system is based on the principle that a performance can be divided into elements and Program Components, as applicable, each of which can be assessed individually. This assessment has a numeric value, which is added to the value of the element to arrive at the score for that element. As individual Program Components have no value, the value of the rating will be the value assigned to that Component only.
Detail on assessment standards, and overall assessment requirements are contained in STAR Competition Standards for Assessment Guide.
The total score for a skater/team in the respective Segment is calculated by adding the element scores, the component scores and any bonuses, and subtracting any program deductions. The total score generated for each skater is used to generate a ranking. These rankings, but not individual scores, will be published.
Skaters will receive a report card which lists all the elements executed, the components and their assessments, and their rank in the Event.
3.1. Specific Element Evaluation
Single and Pair Skating
Jump Combinations are evaluated as one unit by adding the Base Values of the jumps included and adding the value of the rating.
Any additional element or elements exceeding the prescribed numbers will not be counted in the result of a competitor/team. Only the first attempt (or allowed number of attempts) of an element will be considered.
3.2. Bonuses
Bonuses are applied as follows:
General
- all jumps must be fully rotated to receive a bonus
- for all bonuses, in the case of a Fall, the attempt is considered as successful
- to be eligible for bonus, jumps must be compliant with all other well-balanced and repeat requirements
STAR 4
- +3.0 for one single Axel
4. Authorized Systems
All competitions carried out using the Cumulative Points Calculation system must be conducted using marking systems approved by Skate Canada. In the event a marking system is unavailable, marks must be calculated by hand.
